Medication Options for Opioid Use Disorder

Medications to Treat Opioid Use Disorder

Introduction: Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) play a crucial role in treating individuals grappling with opioid addiction. This comprehensive guide explores the key medications—naltrexone, buprenorphine, and methadone—and addresses common questions and considerations associated with their usage.

Naltrexone:

Overview:

Naltrexone, available as Vivitrol (injection) or Revia (oral), acts as an opioid blocker, curbing the euphoric effects of opioids and aiding recovery.

Administration:

Administered in pill form or as a shot, with a prerequisite of 7-14 opioid-free days before the initial shot.

Frequency and Duration:

Monthly shots are common, but some may require a three-week interval. Completion of the prescribed treatment is vital to avoid overdose risks.

Cost:

While cost may be a concern, resources like manufacturer co-pay cards can assist in alleviating expenses.

Safety Measures:

Injuries or surgeries necessitate alternative pain management plans due to naltrexone's opioid-blocking effects.

Overdose Risk:

Patients lose opioid tolerance, heightening overdose risks if opioid use resumes before the shot. Discontinuation plans should be discussed with healthcare providers.

Effectiveness:

Recent research suggests naltrexone may be less effective in preventing overdose compared to buprenorphine and methadone.

Buprenorphine:

Overview:

Buprenorphine, available in various forms (Suboxone, Zubsolv, Sublocade, Subutex, Brixadi), helps manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings.

Administration:

Taken daily, as a film under the tongue, or via monthly injections like Sublocade or Brixadi.

Dosage Adjustment:

Dosage adjustments may be necessary if cravings persist.

Detox Considerations:

The Bernese Method offers a gradual approach to detox, making the process more manageable.

Taste Preferences:

Subutex or Zubsolv may be preferred by some due to taste considerations.

Dependency and Overdose:

Dependency is expected, and a slow taper under guidance is recommended to minimize withdrawal. Overdose risks usually stem from combined use with other substances.

Methadone:

Overview:

Methadone, administered daily in various forms, provides stability and prevents frequent highs and lows.

Access:

Traditionally available at authorized clinics, recent regulations have eased access, allowing more take-home doses and telehealth care.

Treatment Duration:

No specified duration, with 12 months considered a minimum for methadone maintenance.

Overdose Risk:

While there is an overdose risk, clinic oversight helps mitigate it, especially when used for opioid use disorder rather than pain management.

How MOUD Can Help:

Withdrawal and Cravings:

MOUD aids in reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings, facilitating the healing of the brain.

Comprehensive Treatment:

Combined with therapy, counseling, and family involvement, MOUD forms an integral part of comprehensive treatment.

Misconceptions:

Contrary to misconceptions, MOUD is not substituting one addiction for another; it is akin to using medication for any chronic disease.

Alternatives and Additional Considerations:

Non-Medication Options:

Emerging non-medication alternatives, like electrical pulse earpieces, show promise but are not widely accessible yet.

Challenges:

In situations where MOUD is not readily available, advocacy efforts are crucial to expand access to scientifically proven treatments.

Addressing Multiple Substances:

MOUD primarily targets opioids and may not prevent the use of other substances. Individualized support remains vital.

Supporting Your Loved One:

Advocacy:

Be a strong advocate for your loved one's treatment plan and contribute to broader efforts to make scientifically proven treatments universally accessible.

Long-Term Support:

Long-term use of MOUD enhances the chances of success, emphasizing the importance of ongoing support and encouragement.

Conclusion: Understanding the nuances of MOUD and addressing common concerns empowers individuals and their support networks to navigate the complexities of opioid use disorder treatment effectively.

We are here to help.

North Tampa Executive Health Clinic is directed by Dr. Jack McGeachy. He provides confidential and comfortable addiction treatments and therapy for opioid and alcohol use disorder. Rather than a rehab or detox, meaning that each patient is cared for one-on-one by a medical doctor, in contrast to other treatment programs. Heed Help? Book your in office appointment in the Tampa office or via video conferencing today.

Helping patients with addictions in Tampa Florida, Temple Terrace, Brandon, Bloomingdale, Carrollwood, Thonotosassa, Town N Country, Lutz, Wesley Chapel, Land O Lakes, St. Pete, Clearwater, Oldsmar, Westchase, Palm Harbor, Tarpon Springs and surrounding areas.